Sibthorpia europaea L.

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Gahinga trail, Volcanoes National Park, Burera, Rwanda

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Synonyms:	Antirrhinum pilosum Jacq. Cymbalaria pilosa (Jacq.) Grande Elatine pilosa Moench ex Steud. Linaria pilosa (Jacq.) Chaz. Sibthorpia australis Hutch. Sibthorpia europaea L. var. africana Hook. Sibthorpia pelia Beauverd & Topali Sibthorpia prostrata Salisb.
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Description:	Prostrate perennial, creeping herb, rooting at the nodes. Most parts covered with long spreading hairs. Stems slender, up to 20 cm long. Leaves alternate, subcircular, 5-15 mm wide; margin crenate-dentate; petiole 5-30 mm long. Flowers solitary on pedicels 2-5 mm long. Calyx shortly 4-5-lobed, 1.5-2 mm long. corolla usually 5-lobed, up to 2 mm long, yellow to purple-red. Capsule obovate, up to 1.5 mm long, emarginate and hairy at the apex.
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Derivation of specific name:	europaea: european.
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Worldwide distribution:	In Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Cameroon, DRC, Rwanda, Uganda, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zaïre, and Zimbabwe. Also in Europe and the Azores.
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Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 268. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 78. Under Scrophulariaceae Philcox, D. (1990). Scrophulariaceae Flora Zambesiaca 8(2) Pages 75 - 77. (Includes a picture). Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 98.

Other sources of information about Sibthorpia europaea:

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Flora of Malawi: Sibthorpia europaea
Flora of Zambia: Sibthorpia europaea
Flora of Zimbabwe: Sibthorpia europaea

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Sibthorpia europaea
African Plant Database: Sibthorpia europaea
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Sibthorpia europaea
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Sibthorpia europaea
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Sibthorpia europaea
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Sibthorpia europaea
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Sibthorpia europaea
JSTOR Plant Science: Sibthorpia europaea
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Sibthorpia europaea
Plants of the World Online: Sibthorpia europaea
Tropicos: Sibthorpia europaea
Wikipedia: Sibthorpia europaea